Neurofibromatosis Type 2-
Neurofibromatosis type 2 is a disorder characterized by the growth of noncancerous tumors in the nervous system. The most general tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 are called vestibular schwannomas or acoustic neuromas. These growths develop along the nerve that carries information from the inner ear to the brain .Tumors that happen on other nerves are also commonly found with this condition.
In rare cases, a person might have acoustic tumors (also called vestibular schwannoma) on both sides (bilateral). This is the hallmark of a disease called neurofibromatosis Type II (NF2). The incidence of NF2 is one in 33,000 to 40,000 live births. Early diagnosis using gadolinium-enhanced MRI and techniques of hearing preservation surgery has improved our capability to prevent total hearing loss while totally removing the tumors. As this is a genetic disease, with a dominant inheritance pattern, family screening and DNA analysis have helped early diagnosis.
Half of individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type II (NF2) have inherited the disorder from an have an effect on parent, and half seem to have a mutation for the first time in their family. Each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of inheriting the disorder.
Unlike those with a unilateral vestibular schwannoma, people with NF2 usually get symptoms in their teens or early adulthood. They frequently also develop multiple brain and spinal cord tumors. NF2 tumors may affect the nerves important for swallowing, speech, eye and facial sensation.
Treatment options offered for NF2 Acoustic tumours include:
(1) observation without surgical intervent
(2) hearing preservation surgery with complete tumor removal,
(3) surgical ‘decompression’ of the tumor without complete removal of it,
(4) retrosigmoid surgery, with partial tumor removal,
(5) translabyrinthine complete tumor removal which will not preserve any hearing,
(6) auditory brainstem or cochlear implantation.
For people with larger tumors or no useful hearing, the ABI can restore some auditory function when the tumor is removed. In selected cases, a cochlear implant can be used, with good results.
About Treatments
Concept of good quality health care is shifting from humanity care to Morbidity care. ENT specialist has 3 of the 5 unique senses, namely Hearing, Smell and Taste under its care. The 6th newly included special Sense of Balance is also connected to the ear. Care of hearing, taste, smell, voice and balance care come under ENT. So morbidity and wellness care is unfinished without ENT care.
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